How a setw() function works

                   setw() function is used to create the specific width of empty space or empty gap space like tab, in between the sentences or in function headings.The function header library that is used for this function is "iomanip".  

Let us have a look through an example :

   

                     Here the cout statement first prints the hello word and then it leaves the space of 10 characters. After that we have again an another word to be printed. So the compiler checks the no of characters (sizeof the word) and will initialize the remaining space for the gap, printing the word starting from the last space of gap right to left. If the word will have greater number of characters than the size specified for the gap then it starts printing next after the first word without space.

 

                         cout<<"hello"<<setw(10)<<"world";

 Output :

 

                         cout<<"hello"<<setw(4)<<"world";

                 Here the size of word "world" is greater than the size specified for the empty width.

  Output :